The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.